when breath becomes air

所以，这是肯尼迪·塔斯汀，这是我的播客《当呼吸化为空气》。

So, this is Kennedy Tustin, and this is my podcast of when breath becomes air.

在阅读这本书时，让我印象深刻的是，我时常感觉自己就是保罗，因为他用语言描述了他所经历的一切。

So something that stood out to me while reading the book was how much that I felt that I was Paul at times with his language to explain things that he went through.

我特别喜欢书中的一点是，他对待死亡的态度不像大多数人那样消极，反而对生活中的一切都保持积极。

Something that I really enjoyed in the book was that he didn't have a crappy attitude towards dying like most people do, and he was very positive about everything he did.

他充满动力去完成那些他本没有机会实现的事情。

He was motivated to do things he never also got to accomplish.

我永远会记住的一点是，当情况变糟时绝不要放弃，因为他从未放弃。

One thing I will always remember is to never give up when things are getting bad because he never gave up.

他知道自己即将离世，即便不愿听到坏消息，也坦然接受了这个事实。

He knew he was dying and just accepted the fact that he was dying even though he did not want to hear the bad news.

保罗就像一份礼物，因为他对自己的医生生涯中拥有的一切机会都心怀感激。

Paul was like a blessing because he was thankful for all the opportunities he had while being a doctor.

我从这本书中还会永远记住的一点是，要以善意对待每一个人，因为保罗在传达坏消息时，总是尊重他的病人和他们的家人，而大多数人面对这种情况都会非常悲伤，我想他们也确实如此。

One thing I will also always remember from this book is to treat everyone with kindness because Paul always respected his patients and their family when he had to bring up bad news, which everyone, most people would be very sad about and I would assume are very sad about.

所以我总结出两个主题：人们有责任留下能激励所爱之人的遗产，另一个主题是死亡也可以伴随着幸福。

So my two themes were people are responsible for leaving a legacy that inspires those that they love, and then my other theme was that death can come with happiness.

如果人们希望被记住，他们就应该思考别人如何看待自己，因为这将成为他们遗产的一部分。

So if people want to be remembered, then they should think about how other people view them because that will be part of their legacy.

如果人们留下的是负面的遗产，那么他们很可能不会以自己希望的方式被铭记。

If people leave behind a bad legacy, then they probably won't be remembered in the way they would want to be remembered.

如果一个人能激励他人，那么他临终时就会被视为一个好人。

If people are inspiring to others, then they will die as a good person.

保罗是个好人，他竭尽全力以一个普通人应有的方式赢得尊重，因此他将带着良好的遗产离世。

Paul was a good person, and he did everything he could to do as a human to be respected, so that's why he will die having a good legacy.

而我的另一个主题——死亡伴随着幸福——是因为当一个人像保罗那样走向死亡时，他们可以回顾自己一生所成就的一切。

And then my other one, death comes with happiness, is because when a person is dying like Paul, they can just look at life with all the things that that person has accomplished.

当一个人躺在病榻上时，他们往往会花时间去做那些一直未能实现的事情，就像完成一张愿望清单一样。

And when a person is on their deathbed, then they are likely to spend time doing the things they were never able to accomplish, and they get to cross it off kinda like their bucket list.

死亡是每个人都不期待的事，但做自己一直梦想的事却能为人生带来幸福，比如保罗拥有了自己的女儿。

Dying is something no one ever looks forward to, but doing something you have always dreamed of can bring happiness in a person's life, such as Paul having his daughter.

我选了一句话，意思是，即使我正在死去，但在真正死亡之前，我依然在活着。

I chose a quote, and it goes, like, even if I'm dying, until I actually die, I am still living.

这正好支持了我的主题，因为他正在学会珍惜每一刻。

This just supports my theme because he is learning to make every moment count.

所以他的身体正在逐渐衰竭，但在那之前，只要他还有一口气，他就依然在活着。

So his body is slowly starting to shut down, but until then, he takes his last breath, he is still living.

我还选了第139页的一句话，上面写道：‘在医生与病人之间挣扎，在医学科学中探索，又回头向文学寻求答案，我在直面自己的死亡时，努力重建自己的人生，或或许寻找一种新的生活。’

I also chose a quote on page 139, and it states that torn between being a doctor and being a patient, delving into medical science and turning back to literature for answers, I struggled while facing my own death to rebuild my own life or perhaps find a new one.

这同样出自第139页。

And this was on page 139 again.

这也支持了我的主题，因为当他从医生变成病人时，他能以完全不同的视角看待生命，看待事物的方式也彻底改变了。

So this also supports my theme because when he is the patient instead of the doctor, he can just look at life with a whole different view and just look at things just completely different.

当他的女儿出生后，他意识到，即使在临终时，他的意义和使命仍会延续，他永远都是他女儿的父亲。

So once his daughter was born, he realized when he was dying, his meaning and purpose would carry on still, and he will always be his daughter's dad.

我在小说中发现的另一个重要主题是，人们有责任留下能激励所爱之人的遗产。

One of the biggest themes that I also found in the novel was the idea that people are responsible for leaving a legacy that inspires those they love.

所以他的遗产将通过女儿继续下去，尽管女儿不会对他有太多记忆，因为他们的相处时间不长，但无论如何，他始终是她的父亲。

So his legacy is just going on through his daughter even though his daughter is not gonna remember him as that much because they didn't know each other for that long, but no matter what, that's still her dad.

这表明，如果你想被人记住，就必须具备让人铭记的特质。

So this is stating that if you want to be remembered, then people have to have the factors that will make others remember them.

留下美好的遗产将激励像保罗这样处境的人。

So leaving behind a good legacy will inspire others in Paul's situation.

这不仅能激励他人，尤其会激励他的女儿。

It could inspire and then especially it will inspire his daughter.

当他的女儿长大后，她可以仰望保罗留下的遗产，并将其传承得更加强大，让这份遗产更加深远。

When his daughter grows up, she can also look up to what Paul left behind and carry it on even stronger and just have a stronger legacy.

此外，第139页的另一段话写道：我从我的肿瘤科医生和自己的研究中迅速了解到，四期肺癌就像20世纪80年代的艾滋病，仍是一种迅速致命的疾病，但新兴疗法正开始带来希望。

Also, another quote that was on page 139 states, I quickly learned from my oncologist and my own study that stage four can stage four lung cancer was like AIDS in the 1980s, still still rapidly fatal illness but emerging therapies that were for for wait.

仍是一种迅速致命的疾病，但新兴疗法首次为患者带来了数年的生命。

Still rapidly fatal illness, but with emerging therapies that were for the first time providing years of life.

这一观点支持了我的主题，因为即使依靠药物，生命的质量依然可以存在。

This illusion supports my theme because the quality of the life would still be there just with the medications.

生命还会持续很长一段时间，但经过一定时间后，他们的日子终将结束。

Life would still be there for a very long time, but after a certain period of time, their days would come to an end.

那句‘什么让生命足够有意义以至于值得继续活下去’，也与我的主题相关，因为在他去世前，他正在寻找自己的人生目标。

The quote, what makes life meaningful enough to go on living, also connects to my theme because before he dies, he is trying to find his purpose.

很快，他将为女儿留下他的同理心与人生目标，他意识到自己将通过女儿继续活下去，而女儿也将延续他的精神，因此他的记忆仍将存在，他仍能通过女儿获得永生。

Soon, he will be leaving behind his empathy and purpose for his daughter, and he realizes that he is going to live on through his daughter, and his daughter is just going to carry on him, So his memory will still be there, and he can still live on through his daughter.

在第114页上写道：大多数人生都是以对死亡的被动态度度过的。

On page 114, it states, most lives are lived with passivity towards death.

死亡是发生在你和你身边人身上的一种事情。

It's something that happens to you and those around you.

这意味着没有人喜欢思考死亡，因此大多数人继续生活，认为死亡是不可避免的，但只会在生命的后期才会发生。

So this just means that no one likes to think about death, so most go on living their life thinking death is more inevitable, only the later years in their life.

事实上，死亡随时都可能发生，你无法预知自己何时会死，但它却常常发生在许多人身上，而没有人真正希望它到来。

When realistically death can happen at any point, You don't know when you're gonna die, but, like, it just happens to a lot of people, and it's just no one something no one really wants at all.

思考死亡并不是一件愉快的事，因此直到被诊断出绝症之前，不去深究它几乎是正常的。

It's not a fun subject matter just to think about, so it's almost normal not to dwell on it until you're perhaps diagnosed with a fatal disease.

我找到了另一句引语，说：直到后来我才意识到，我们的这次旅行为我理解了一个致命的事实增添了新的维度——大脑会削弱我们建立关系和赋予生命意义的能力。

There's another quote that I found that states, only later would I realize that our trip had added a new dimension to my understanding of the fatal fact that brains give us rudeness to our ability to form relationships and make life meaningful.

有时候它们会破裂。

Sometimes they break.

这意味着，有时候你必须追随内心而非大脑，因为内心充满同情，而大脑没有。

So this means that sometimes you have to follow your heart instead of your brain because your heart has compassion and your brain doesn't.

你的内心知道什么对你最好，你总是得倾听内心的声音，即使大脑在告诉你别的东西；内心总会告诉你该做什么、不该做什么，它有时比大脑更真实地存在。

So your heart knows what's best for you, and, like, you always just have to listen to what your heart's telling you even if your brain is telling you something else, but your heart will always tell you what you should do and what you shouldn't do, and it's just it just is there more than your brain sometimes.

如果你只听从大脑的指示，就可能错过在生活中做更有意义事情的机会，比如写一本书、当一个父亲，而不是行医。

So if you are doing what your brain tells you, then you may miss an opportunity to do something more meaningful with your life, like writing a book, being a father, rather than practicing medicine.

我找到了另一句引语：作为一名住院医师，我最高的理想并不是挽救生命。

There's another quote I found that says, As a resident, my highest ideal was not saving lives.

每个人终将一死，但引导患者或家属理解死亡或疾病才是关键。

Everyone dies eventually, but guiding a patient or family to an understanding of death or illness.

这与我的主题相关，因为这句话意味着，当你身处黑暗时刻时，必须以积极的态度看待事物。

This relates to my theme because this quote is saying that when you are in a dark time, that you have to look at things with a positive attitude.

因此，保持积极的态度会让你以不同的视角看待事物。

So having a positive attitude will make you look at things with a different perspective.

保罗的医生希望他和他的家人能全面理解这种疾病。

Paul's doctor wants him and his family to understand the illness to its fullest.

所有积极的结果都建立在对事物现实而人性化的认知之上。

All positive outcomes have a realistic and human view on things.

因此，这个主题的发展在于，当你面对任何坏消息时，必须开始关注所有美好的事物，因为所有的悲伤只会让情况变得更糟。

So the development of the theme is that when you are faced with any bad news, you have to start looking at all the good things because all of the sad things will just make everything worse.

所以，当发生悲伤的事情时，你不想一直沉浸在其中，只想转移注意力，让自己感觉好一点，而不是一直面对整个坏消息的沉重部分。

So, like, when something sad happens, like, you don't wanna just, like, think about that constantly, and you just, like, wanna get your mind off things just to, like, make you feel better and not face, like, just the whole portion of the sad news.

所以当情况变糟时，人们会向家人和朋友寻求帮助。

So when things get bad, that is when people reach out to family members and friends.

因此，向家人和朋友倾诉能让一些问题自然缓解。

So reaching out to family and friends can, like, just make some of the problems just go away and whatnot.

所以，如果你一直纠结于所有糟糕的事情，这些负面因素可能会在将来引发心理健康问题，而我不认为任何人会在已经承受如此多压力的情况下，还想去精神病院之类的地方。

So if you really start thinking about all the bad things, the bad things can cause mental health problems later down the road, and I don't think anyone would wanna be in, like, a mental hospital or anything when they already are dealing with it so much.

如果人们以有意义的方式看待生活，那么这种意义不仅会延伸到他们自己，也会惠及他们的家人和朋友。

If people look at life with a meaning, then it will go far, not just for them, but also for their family and friends.

我的反问是：没有语言，什么样的生活才可能存在？

My rhetorical question was, what kind of life exists without language?

这在第139页。

That was on page 139.

这与我的主题相关，因为如果我们不理解保罗在书中所使用的语言，我们就无法理解他的故事。

This relates to my theme because if we did not understand the language Paul uses in the book, we wouldn't be able to understand his story.

保罗以第一人称写作，因此我们始终知道他谈论的是自己或他的家人。

Paul writes the book in first person, so we always know that he's talking about himself or his family.

如果没有他在书中的语言，我们就无法真正了解他留给女儿的遗志，尽管他并没有足够的时间陪伴女儿。

So without his language in the book, we wouldn't really know the legacy he carried on to his daughter even though he did not want to spend he did not get to spend as much time with his daughter as he would like.

保罗的妻子可以告诉女儿他生前做过的所有好事，从而激励女儿也以同样的方式对待自己的生活。

Paul's wife could tell their daughter about all the good things that he did in his life so she feels motivated to do the same with hers.

保罗在面对死亡时从未放弃，始终以积极的态度看待生活。

Paul never gave up and he always looked at life with a good attitude when he was facing his death.

这表明他在意人们会如何记住他和他的名字。

This shows that he cared about how people would remember him and his name.

因此，我的两个主题在文本中相互交织，因为当人们留下遗产来激励他人时，他们希望看到他人成功。

So both of my themes interact with one another in the text because when people leave behind their legacy to inspire others, they want to see people succeed.

我的另一个主题‘死亡伴随着幸福’意味着，死亡是每个人都不会期待的事情，但做自己一直梦想的事，却能为人生带来幸福。

My other theme, death comes with happiness, means that dying is something no one would ever want to look forward to, but doing something you have always dreamed of can bring happiness in a person's life.

所以以保罗和露西为例，保罗和露西一直想要孩子，因此露西见证了孩子给保罗带来的幸福。

So Paul and Lucy, an example would be, Paul and Lucy always wanted to have a kid, so Lucy got to see the happiness that it brought to Paul.

因此，这两者相关，因为当你濒临死亡时，你必须思考希望别人如何记住你，从而塑造你希望留下的遗产。

So these relate because when you are dying, you have to think about how you want people to remember you so you are setting how you want your legacy to be.

我的主题影响了这部小说，因为这本书不仅仅关于死亡。

My themes impacted the novel because the book is not just about dying.

它关乎活出生命中的每一天，就像那是你最后一天一样。

It's about living life till it's, like, your last day.

所以保罗希望人们记住他是个善良、积极的人。

So Paul wanted people to remember him as a good and positive person in everyone's life.

他尽了一切努力去帮助他人，这正是他成为他人积极影响的原因，不仅对他的家人，也对他的病人。

He did everything he could to have done to help people, and that is why he was such a positive influence on other people, not just his family, but also, like, his patients.

所以我认为保罗成功了，因为当他面对死亡时，他看到了更宏观的视角，而不是只想着最坏的结果——即最终的死亡。

So I think Paul did succeed because when he faced his death, he looked at the bigger picture of it instead of thinking of the worst, which was him dying in the end.

我认为他在一些事情上成功了，但也有一些事情没有成功。

And I think he did succeed in things, and some things he did not.

我认为他没有成功的地方是，他花了多年时间当医生，而本可以用来写文学作品，但他真的非常想成为一名医生。

I think I think he did not succeed in was that he took years away just to be a doctor when he could have been, like, writing literature, but he wanted really wanted to pursue being a doctor.

所以在这方面，我认为他是成功的。

So he did succeed in that, I will say.

但他本也可以在成为作家方面取得成功，而他也确实成功地成为了一名作家，因为他出版了一本书。

But also, he could have succeeded in being an author, and he did succeed in also being an author because he did have a book that did get published.

他还非常注重自己的道德准则。

He also focused a lot on his morals.

他的处境非常特殊，所以很少有人能真正感同身受他所经历的一切。

His situation is very specific, so not that much people can really relate to what he's going through that much.

死亡是我们都理解但不知道如何应对的事情。

Death is something we all understand but don't know how to deal with it.

保罗当医生时知道如何应对死亡，但当他成为病人时，情况和他自己的视角都发生了改变。

Paul knows how to deal with it when he was the doctor, but when he was the patient, it, changed his whole situation and just his perspective.

所以，是的，我只是觉得这些主题彼此紧密交织，因为它们几乎是接连出现的。

So, yeah, I just think that these themes really interact with one another because they kinda just, like, go back to back with each other.