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本集 HVAC 学校播客由我们的品牌合作伙伴赞助播出。
This episode of the HVAC school podcast is brought to you by our brand partners.
制冷技术来自 refrigeratetech.com，特别是全新推出的 Viper 湿布隔热垫。
Refrigeration technologies at refrigeratetech.com, and specifically, the new Viper wet rag heat shield.
这款革命性的阻燃焊接垫，既可湿用，也可干用。
The revolutionary flame resistant welding pad designed to be used either wet or dry.
您可以在附近的经销商处购买 Viper 湿布隔热垫，或访问 truetechtools.com，结账时使用优惠码 get schooled，享受超值折扣。
Find a Viper Wet Rag Heat Shield at a distributor near you or go to truetechtools.com and use offer code get schooled for a great discount at checkout.
Carrier 和 carrier.com 呢？
Carrier and carrier.com?
Navac，官网是 navacglobal.com。
Navac at navacglobal.com.
TrueTech Tools。
TrueTech Tools.
Truetechtools.com。
Truetechtools.com.
他们是这个播客的长期好友。
They're good friends of the podcast.
我认识比尔和比尔很多年了，他们十八年来一直提供种类丰富的优质工具和一流的客户服务。
I've known Bill and Bill for a long time, they've been providing a wide range of great tools and top notch customer service for eighteen years.
他们代理了九十多个品牌，每周还在不断新增新的工具产品。
They supply over 90 brands and are adding more tools to their offerings each week.
你能找到很多熟悉的手动和电动工具品牌，比如米沃奇、德威特和克莱恩，还有专为暖通行业设计的设备，比如热成像仪、TEC风机门、高精度压力计，以及TrueFlow网格系统。
You're going to find familiar hand and power tool brands like Milwaukee, DEWALT, and Klein, building performance tools, including thermal imaging cameras, TEC's blower doors, precision manometers, and the TrueFlow Grid.
和以往一样，TrueTech团队始终保持充足的库存，确保你下单当天就能发货。
And as always, the TrueTech team keeps a large inventory in stock to ship the same day you order your tools.
没找到你需要的工具吗？
Don't see the tool you need in stock?
告诉他们，他们会考虑把这款工具加入产品线。
Let them know, and they'll look at adding it to their offerings.
TrueTech Tools的配送覆盖全美五十个州和所有领地，包括阿拉斯加和夏威夷。
TrueTech Tools ships to all 50 states and territories, including Alaska and Hawaii.
更多详情请访问 truetechtools.com，结账时使用优惠码 GET SKOOLED 可享大幅折扣。
Find out more at truetechtools.com and use the offer code GET SKOOLED for a great discount at checkout.
他可不是什么高手。
He's no gold finger.
在高压电气柜里，那可太危险了。
That would be dangerous in high voltage electrical panels.
是布莱恩·奥尔。
It's Brian Orr.
奶奶。
Nana.
奶奶。
Nana.
奶奶。
Nana.
奶奶。
Nana.
嗨。
Hey.
嗨。
Hey.
嗨。
Hey.
你好。
Hello.
欢迎收听暖通空调学校播客。
This is the HVAC school podcast.
我是布莱恩。
I'm Brian.
我可是最不正经开场白的冠军，这个播客能帮你重温那些渐渐忘掉的知识，也能补上你当初根本没学过的东西。
I am the king of the super stupid intro, and this is the podcast that helps you remember some things you might have forgotten along the way, as well as help you remember some things you forgot to know in the first place.
今天这期节目，来自我的好朋友、国家舒适研究所的穆菲奇，讲的是怎么把风管改造服务加进你的业务里。
And today is a class from my good friend, Mufich from NCI, the National Comfort Institute, talking about how to add duct renovations to your product offerings.
如果你懂怎么操作，这可是对大家都好的事，亚当在这方面非常在行。
It's something that is a win win for everyone if you know how to do it properly, and Adam is somebody who really knows about this.
他当过技工、承包商和安装工多年，现在作为NCI的培训师，帮助大家掌握成功实施这项工作的体系和方法。
Having been a technician, and a contractor, and an installer for many years, and now working as a trainer with NCI, helping people with the structures and the training behind how to do this successfully.
在正式开始之前，我得提醒一下，如果你还没报名今年的NCI峰会，赶紧去他们官网看看。
Now before we go any further, I wanna remind you that if you've not signed up for NCI Summit this year, go to their website.
去 summit.com。
Go to summit.com.
网址是 gotosummit.com，时间是九月一号到三号，地点在田纳西州的皮根福吉。
That's gotosummit.com, September first through third, Pigeon Forge, Tennessee.
他们今年的全国大会就在那儿办，培训内容特别棒。
That is where they are having their national conference, and it is a great conference, really great training.
你真该去了解一下。
So take a look at that.
我就是怕后面聊得太投入，忘了提醒大家这件事，所以先插一句。
I just wanted to slip that in before we got into the content.
我们开始吧。
Here we go.
亚当·穆菲奇谈如何将风管改造纳入您的产品服务。
Adam Mufich talking about adding duct renovations to your product offerings.
咱们正式开始。
Let's get going.
我叫亚当·穆菲奇。
My name is Adam Mufich.
我在国家舒适研究所工作。
I work for National Comfort Institute.
我这一辈子大部分时间都在做暖通空调这一行。
I've been doing HVAC for most of my life.
大概五六年吧，我才开始真正做对了。
I've been doing it correctly for maybe five or six years.
以前搞砸过不少房子，近几年也修了不少，现在我的目标是把那些用血泪换来的经验分享给大家。
Screwed up a lot of houses, fixed quite a few in the last few years too, and my goal now is to try to help people and share what I've learned the hard way.
对吧？
Right?
所以这门课主要讲的是如何为现有系统做改进，以及在老房子里能做哪些气流修复。
So this class is basically about the different things you could do for existing systems and what different airflow repairs we could make in existing homes.
对吧？
Right?
在进行改造时，我们可能更换设备，也可能只是想改善气流。
When we're retrofitting, maybe we're changing the equipment, or maybe we're just trying to improve the airflow.
我想先简单介绍一下我的经历，这张幻灯片我想向我的起点致敬。
I want to give you a little bit of my background and this first slide, I wanted to pay homage and pay respects to my beginning.
我有很扎实的钣金背景。
I have a heavy background in sheet metal.
我很早就跟一位师傅学会了钣金制作。
I learned how to fabricate sheet metal very early on from a guy.
他比我年长很多。
He was a lot older than me.
他今年年初刚去世。
He actually just passed away this past year.
他当时97岁。
He was 97 years old.
他就是最右边那位。
He's the guy all the way on the right.
你们能看到我，当年在地下室的酒吧里，和Train Comfort Corpse的朋友们混在一起，那是八十年代初的事了。
You could see me in my basement bar hanging out with the guys from Train Comfort Corpse back in the early eighties.
我这一生都一直在HVAC行业里打转。
So I've been surrounded by HVAC my entire life.
他走的时候，我特别难过。
It really hurt me when he passed away.
我懂的这些东西，大多都是他教我的。
I owe a lot of what I know to him.
所以，简单跟你们说说这些背景。
So, yeah, just to give you a little bit of that.
我想先聊聊整个行业的现状。
I wanted to start everything off with the state of the industry, the current state of the industry.
咱们国家现在到底处在什么水平？
Where are we as a country?
能源部做了一项研究。
So the DOE did a study.
他们分析了全国44项不同的研究，涵盖了设备尺寸、空气流量、实际送风量等各种方面。
They looked at 44 different studies from around the country, and they started looking at equipment sizing, airflow, delivered airflow, all kinds of different aspects.
这些研究跨越了好几年的时间。
So they looked at these studies and it was over quite several different years.
研究中最早发现的一个问题是，在最糟糕的情况下，93%的系统都按照Manual J标准偏大了。
One of the first things they looked at in this study was in the worst case scenario, 93% of the systems were oversized according to Manual J.
而最好的情况是，仍有33%的系统偏大。
The best case scenario was 33% of the systems were oversized according to Manual J.
我为什么要提这一点呢？
Why do I bring that up?
解决气流问题最简单的方法，就是正确选择设备的尺寸。
The easiest way to fix airflow problems is to size the equipment properly.
如果你的系统明显过大，就别直接换一个同样大小的。
So if you have a system that's grossly oversized, you don't wanna install like for like.
你应该先搞清楚这栋房子真正需要的是什么。
You wanna figure out what that home needs.
如果能把设备尺寸调小，安装合适大小的设备，很多气流问题自然就解决了。
If you could reduce the size of the equipment and install the correct size equipment, a lot of those airflow problems just go away.
这样不仅能降低静压，还能提升风机的风量。
You reduce the static pressure and you increase the fan airflow.
《ASME可持续建筑期刊》的研究发现，空调系统如果 oversized 50%，能耗可能增加高达 91%。
So the ASME Journal of Sustainable Buildings, what they found was 50% oversizing of AC systems could result up to 91% increase of energy consumption.
这个数字太惊人了。
So it's huge.
很多人因为设备选型不当，一直在白白浪费能源。
People are wasting energy all the time because of sizing issues.
我教课的时候，经常讲 airflow、风管系统优化、住宅风量平衡、气流检测这些内容，每次都有人问我：最简单的方法是什么？
So the number one thing when I'm teaching, I do a lot of airflow classes, duct system optimization, residential air balancing, airflow testing and diagnostics, and everyone always comes to me, what's the easiest way?
解决气流问题的万能钥匙到底是什么？
What's the silver bullet for fixing airflow problems?
我每次都回答：设备选型要准确。
And I always say, size the equipment properly.
这是第一条，最重要的一条。
That's number one.
你真的必须这么做。
You really need to do that.
现在根本没理由不做。
And there's really no excuse not to now.
现在有太多好用的App了。
There's so many good apps.
比如 Ample、Ample Energy，还有 Conduit。
You have Ample, Ample Energy, you have Conduit.
现在有很多不错的App，你走进去就能轻松算出一套住宅设备该选多大的容量。
There's all these nice apps where you could easily walk in and figure out the required size of the equipment for a home.
在能源部的那项研究里，根据Manual J标准，只有0%到9%的系统是偏小的。
Another thing in that DOE study, zero to 9% of systems were undersized according to Manual J.
我听过太多人跟我说，他们的系统容量不够。
So I've heard so many people come to me and say, the system was undersized.
但其实，当你实际测试并对照Manual J标准来看，根本不是这么回事。
In reality, when you actually test it and compare it to Manual J, it's not the case.
如果你想知道这些研究数据的来源，绿色区域就代表我所引用的数据来自哪些地区。
And if you want to know where these studies came from, the green states are where the particular studies from the data that I pulled was where they're from.
人们总觉得设备容量不够，往往是因为它没达到预期的运行效果。
One of the things why people think that your equipment is undersized is because it's just not performing the way it should.
如果你用MeasureQuick这类App，实际测量系统的运行表现，就能发现它根本没发挥出应有的能力。
So if you use apps like MeasureQuick and you're actually measuring system performance and equipment performance, you could tell that it's not doing what it should.
如果你家装的是五吨的系统，但实际输出只有三吨，那你就别再加装一个五吨的了。
If you have a five ton system and it's only a three ton capacity of what it's actually doing, the work that it's doing, you don't wanna install another five ton.
你得修好风管，安装合适容量的系统。
You need to fix the ductwork and install the right size system.
他们测试的系统中，有8%到29%的风量超过了每吨350立方英尺。
Eight to 29% of systems that they tested moved more than 350 CFM per ton.
但这并不意味着风量是正确的。
That doesn't mean it was the correct airflow.
只是刚好超过了每吨350立方英尺而已。
It just means it was just above 350 CFM per ton.
这情况相当糟糕。
That's pretty bad.
8%到29%。
Eight to 29%.
也就是说，这个国家大多数系统的风量都不达标。
So it's basically saying that most systems in this country are not moving the correct amount of airflow.
不到三分之一的系统能达到足够的风量。
Less than one out of three systems is moving enough airflow.
我们画了个小人儿在哭。
We got our stick figure crying.
我们一直在想，为什么换热器总是坏掉。
We wonder why we have heat exchanger failures.
我们也在琢磨，为什么压缩机、风机电机总是出问题。
We wonder why we have compressors that go bad, blower motors that go bad.
现在他们做的风机电机稍微结实了一点。
Now they're making blower motors that are a little bit more robust.
我记得刚推出变频电机那会儿，那个控制模块特别容易坏。
I remember when they first came out with variable speed motors, you would have that module that would go bad.
那时候价格贵得吓人。
For a while, was so expensive.
我那时候还自己动手焊，做现场维修，对吧？
I started soldering the little making my own field repairs on those modules, right?
但我根本没解决根本问题——是气流和静压传感器才导致了这些故障。
But I didn't fix the problem of the airflow and the static pressure sensors that actually caused the issue in the first place.
所以，测试的系统中有50%到93%的风量低于每吨350立方英尺。
So 50 to 93 of systems tested move less than 350 CFM per ton.
在某些情况下，93%的系统风量甚至低于最低标准。
93% in some cases moved less than the minimum amount of airflow.
风量应该被正确设定。
Airflow should be set.
也应该进行检测。
It should be tested.
在座的有多少人是每天都在实际测量风量的？
How many of you guys out here are actually measuring airflow on a daily basis?
你们是怎么测量风量的？
How do you measure airflow?
你们用什么方法来测风量？
What's your methods of measuring airflow?
用的是TrueFlow网格吗？
TrueFlow Grid?
有没有人把风机风量和静压画成曲线图？
Is anyone plotting fan airflow with static pressure?
画风机风量的曲线图？
Plotting fan airflow?
明白了。
Okay.
有好几种方法可以做。
There's different ways of doing it.
你可以通过测量温升来算。
You could actually take temperature rise.
方法其实有很多种。
There's all different ways of doing it.
这些方法的准确度不一样，但关键是要搞清楚风量是否足够。
Some are more accurate than others, but it's really important to understand that you have enough airflow.
风量是一种流体。
Airflow is a fluid.
很多人根本不会把空气当成流体来想，对吧？
A lot of people don't think about it air as a fluid, right?
但空气才是传递英国热单位的媒介。
But air is the means of delivering BTUs.
我们就是靠它把热量送进或排出某个空间的。
That's how we're moving the BTUs either into or out of a space.
这是第一要点。
That's number one.
我们必须确保气流始终准确无误。
We need to make sure the airflow is always correct.
所以咱们这些示意图里，那个人说他有气流问题，但其实他还面临热量舒适度和能效的问题。
So our little cartoons here, the guy's saying, I have airflow issues, but you also have BTU comfort and efficiency problems.
在0.1英寸水柱或25帕斯卡的压力下，测试的系统中有67%到100%存在超过100立方英尺每分钟的漏风。
67% to a 100% of the systems tested leaks more than a 100 CFM to the outside at point one inches of water column or 25 pascals.
你们当中有人做过风管漏风检测吗？
Are any of you guys familiar or do you do duct leakage testing?
有少数人会做风管泄漏检测，所以他们清楚风管漏到室外会带来多严重的后果。
A few of guys do duct leakage testing, so you know the terrible impact, the awful impact that duct leakage to the outside will cause.
对吧？
Right?
不管是回风管还是送风管泄漏，
If you have return duct leakage or supply duct leakage.
都会影响整个系统的性能。
All that affects the performance of the system.
所以我们在解决风管问题和舒适度问题时，必须全面检查风管系统的每一个环节。
So we gotta look at every aspect of a duct system when we're trying to fix it and we're fixing comfort issues.
再次强调，风管漏到建筑外壳外，会导致冷热量减少、舒适度下降、污染物增加、湿度升高，还会造成正压或负压问题。
So once again, duct leakage to the outside of the envelope and less BTUs, less comfort, more pollutants, more humidity, and then pressurization or depressurization problems.
我们正在制造这些问题，但我不知道你们当中有多少人真的在做检测。
We're causing all these issues, and I don't know how many of you guys are actually testing.
估计你们当中不少人其实都在做。
Probably a lot of you guys.
我认识在场的很多人，但当你实际测量房间和整个房子的压力时，就会发现屋里头藏着各种微妙又奇怪的问题。
I know a lot of you guys in here, but when you're actually testing room pressures and house pressures, you see these nuances and crazy things that could happen within a house.
所以我们必须全面理解所有细节。
So we really need to understand everything.
这栋房子是我大约一年半前帮印第安纳州的一位客户看过的。
This was a house that I actually looked at maybe about a year and a half ago for somebody in Indiana.
这是一栋全新的房子，价格不菲。
This is a brand new house, very expensive house.
看起来挺不错的，对吧？
It looks like a nice house, right?
我进去检查了一圈。
I went in there.
这房子的暖通系统是专业公司设计的。
This was professionally designed by a company, the HVAC system.
设备选得太大了。
The equipment was oversized.
我做了Manual J计算。
I ran a Manual J.
风管尺寸太小了。
The ducts were undersized.
房子里的风管漏风非常严重。
They had excessive duct leakage in the house.
还有不少问题都是施工方犯的错。
And a lot of the other things that I found in the house were the installing contractor made a bunch of mistakes.
他们根本没用心。
They were not paying attention.
系统也没按规范调试。
They did not commission the system properly.
不管是新房建造还是改造项目，只要出现这些情况，问题就会接二连三地冒出来——这才是关键。
So with all these different things that happen in new construction or even retrofit situations, there's a lot of problems that can come out of This is the key.
这四点基本上就是NCI的核心原则。
This is basically the pillars, the four pillars of what NCI stands for.
我们在评估任何一栋房子时，都要时刻牢记这四个方面。
What we wanna do when we're looking at any home is wanna keep these four aspects in our view.
我们要确保为住户提供一个安全、健康、舒适且节能的居住环境。
We wanna make sure we're providing a safe, a healthy, comfortable, and efficient situation for a homeowner.
哪怕只是改动家里的某个部分，比如风管系统，也可能影响到这些方面。
And different things that we change in a home, even in the duct system, could affect those.
如果随便乱布风管，不考虑整体情况，可能会造成一氧化碳倒灌，带来严重危险。
If we're randomly running ducts in house, we're not paying attention to the big picture, we can create a very dangerous situation with carbon monoxide and back drafting in that.
所以这永远应该是我们最优先考虑的问题。
So that should always be the first and foremost thing in our mind.
这就引出了一个问题：为什么我们要重视风管改造？为什么要进行这项工作？
So that comes down to why should we pay attention and why do we want to add duct renovations?
这一切的答案，都体现在能源部的这项研究中。
And the whole it's summed up in that DOE study.
所有的问题都出在系统上。
Everything's broken.
全美几乎每栋房子都存在问题。
There's a problem with almost every house in the country.
很多承包商为了赚钱，故意编造问题，因为他们想拿提成。
So many contractors out there will fabricate and make up problems to make money for their company because they want commission.
也许他们是在推销技术，伪造情况，有时候也可能只是不懂。
Maybe they're selling techs, they falsify things and sometimes maybe it's ignorance.
但只要你精通自己的专业，花时间学习，你几乎在每栋房子里都能发现问题。
But if you master your craft and you spend time learning, you will find an issue at almost every single house you look at.
这是我过去经营了十二三年的业务。
This was a job that my company that I ran for twelve, thirteen years.
我们检查了这栋房子。
We looked at this house.
这是一栋价值数百万美元的豪宅。
This was a multimillion dollar house.
你们有没有发现什么异常？
Do you guys notice anything about it?
对吧？
Right?
房子正前方有个窗户在晃动。
It's got a window shaker right in the front of the house.
你觉得这位房主会是什么感受？
How do you think this homeowner feels?
他搬进来没多久就发现这个问题了。
He had this right after moving into the house.
因为二层卧室不舒服，他只好买了一个家得宝的简易窗框来应付。
He had to have a Home Depot special window unit because he was not comfortable on his 2nd Floor in the bedroom.
一百二十万美元的房子啊。
$1,200,000 house.
那遇到这种情况，我们该怎么办？
So that leads us to what do we do when we run into a situation like this?
我们该怎么解决这类问题？
How do we fix these situations?
所以在NCI，我们教两种不同的解决路径。
So at NCI, we teach two different paths.
首先得明确我们的目标是什么。
We need to make a decision what is our goal.
一种是空气升级。
We have an air upgrade.
这个我们在‘风量检测与诊断’课程里会讲，另外还有风管优化，那更像是对整个风管系统的全面改造。
That's something we teach in our class Airflow Testing and Diagnostics, and then we have duct optimization, which is more like a full renovation for the duct system.
我们得搞清楚这么做的真正目的是什么。
We need to decide what is our goals behind this.
我总是先从检查暖气炉开始。
I always start off with testing in the furnace.
没有原始数据，我们根本无从下手。
We don't know where to start unless we have the raw data.
所以我们会对整个系统做压力测试。
So we're gonna pressure profile any system.
我们先取四个静压测量值。
We're gonna take our four static pressure measurements to start off with.
分别是过滤器前、过滤器后、线圈前和线圈后。
Before the filter, after the filter, before the coil, and after the coil.
这些数据能帮我们清楚看出系统里哪里有堵塞。
That gives us a lot of data on where the restrictions in the system lie.
类似地，对于空气处理机组，我们会做三个压力点测量，综合分析这些数据，就能判断问题出在系统的哪一侧——关键看哪里压力最高。
Very similar, we have an air handler, three pressure profile measurements, and we look at all those and we can analyze which side of the system is bad by taking where's our high measurements.
静压真的非常重要。
So static pressure is really, really important.
我们得特别关注静压，但光看静压本身没意义。
We really want to pay attention to static pressure, but static pressure means nothing.
如果不了解风量情况，静压数据就毫无参考价值。
It means nothing if we don't understand what is our airflow.
有可能静压很低，同时风机风量也很低。
We could have low static pressure and low fan airflow.
静压低并不总是好事。
Low static pressure is not always good.
我们需要确保这两者是相互匹配的。
We need to make sure that they correlate together.
系统需要的风量和静压必须恰到好处。
We have the correct amount of airflow and the correct static pressure for that system.
所以我们得进行实际测试。
So we want to test in.
可以用TrueFlow网格这样的工具，或者通过绘制风机风量曲线来判断。
We could either use a tool like the TrueFlow Grid or we could plot fan airflow.
好的。
Alright.
接下来花点时间跟你们聊聊Refrigeration Technologies的湿布。
Gonna take a second to talk to you about Refrigeration Technologies' wet rag.
这是我们技术人员长期在用的一款产品。
It's a product that our techs have used for a long time.
效果非常好。
Works great.
这是一种隔热腻子，用法跟湿布一模一样。
It's a heat blocking putty that works just like a wet rag.
焊接阀门时，把它绕在阀门周围，或者放在阀入口、服务阀、蒸发器服务阀、换向阀上。
You put it around valves while brazing, put it at a valve inlet, your service valves, your evaporate your service valves, your reversing valves.
如果你在更换换向阀，还没试过这方法，那它真的特别管用。
If you're replacing a reversing valve, haven't helped you, this really works great for that.
TXV阀、电子膨胀阀，可以重复使用多达40次，还带有变色指示剂，能让你知道它快用完了。
TXVs, electronic expansion valves, reusable up to 40 times with dye that lets you know when it's nearing the end of its life.
能轻松耐受焊枪的高温，保护我们之前说过的那些部件，比如压缩机、漆面、换向阀、吸气干燥器、液管干燥器、双向干燥器，基本上所有干燥器都适用。
Easily withstands our torch temperatures and protects things like we talked about, compressor, paints, reversing valves, line dryers, suction dryers, liquid line dryers, bi flow dryers, basically all the dryers.
用在干燥器上特别好，尤其是那些短接头的干燥器。
It's great for dryers, especially ones with the really short stubs.
真是让人头疼。
Pain in the butt.
你可不想把那层漆给烧了。
You don't wanna burn that paint.
你也不希望新装的干燥器生锈吧。
You don't wanna create rust on those new dryers that you put in.
你只需要把它取出来，包在想保护的地方，用完再放回容器里，就能重复使用。
All you have to do is take it out, put it around anything you wanna protect, then put it back in the container to reuse it.
关于大面积防护，我们之前聊过很多次了。
For larger areas, we've talked about this a lot.
制冷科技公司还推出了隔热罩，可以湿用或干用，能覆盖更大的区域，比如空调箱的正面，或者ApritoQuil设备的外壳。
Refrigeration Technologies also has introduced the heat shield, which you can use wet or dry and cover a larger area, like the front of a air handler or a case of ApritoQuil, for example.
它对气流型或旋流喷嘴焊枪也很有效，这类焊枪在对流侧会散发大量热量，用它来防护特别合适。
Also great for aero settling or swirl tip torches, where they tend to blow out a lot more heat on the convective side works great for that.
想了解更多关于这款湿布和隔热罩的信息，请访问 refrigergetech.com。
Find out more about the original wet rag as well as heat shield by going to refrigergetech.com.
在这种情况下，这是一个三吨的系统，我们测试时的风量是978立方英尺每分钟。
So in this situation here, this is a three ton system, and we test it out or test it in at 978 CFM.
所以这还不到两吨半，你能明显看出问题在哪。
So it's less than two and a half ton and you can kind of see what's going on.
每吨只有326立方英尺的风量。
We have 326 CFM per ton.
这个数值偏低了。
That's pretty low.
我待在中西部。
I'm in the Midwest.
我们这儿是芝加哥周边地区。
We're in the Chicagoland area.
新建的普通住宅，一般每吨要400到450立方英尺的风量。
Normal Newer houses, you're usually 400 to four fifty CFM per ton.
这就引出了下一个问题。
So that leads me to the next thing.
我总是会主动找业主聊聊。
I always ask and I wanna always try to talk to the homeowner.
我知道很多人总想着要把所有问题都解决掉。
I know a lot of people get wrapped up in, I want to fix everything.
他们想改变整个世界。
I'm trying to change the world.
要是你们见过我卡车上的logo，就会知道我公司当年的标语是：一台炉子一台炉子地改变世界。
And in fact, if you guys saw a picture of my truck and my logo that I had for my company, my tagline for my company was changing the world one furnace at a time.
有时候你得先放下自己的执念，跟业主好好聊聊，搞清楚他们真正关心的是什么，然后围绕他们的需求去实现目标。
Sometimes you need to get out of your own way and have a conversation with the homeowner and figure out what their priorities are and focus on their priorities to try to achieve their goals.
等我们做完测试、跟客户聊完之后，接下来我会讲一讲什么是风量提升方案。
So after we test in and we have our conversation, the interview with the customer, I'm going to go over, we're going to look at what is the air upgrade approach.
明白吗？
Okay?
风量提升方案的核心，其实就是降低静压，同时提高风机的风量。
So the air upgrade approach, basically what we're trying to do is we're trying to reduce the static pressure and increase the fan airflow.
我们要确保风机的风量刚好合适，而且静压不能超过设备标称的最大值。
We want to make sure we have the correct amount of fan airflow, and we wanna be at or below the rated static pressure.
我们通过提供成套的风管维修方案来实现这一点。
And we do that by offering prepackaged duct repairs.
大部分工作都集中在设备附近。
Most of that happens near the equipment.
这就是一个典型的风量升级方案会是什么样子。
So this is what like a typical air upgrade would look like.
我们会重新改造过滤系统。
We would rework the filter, the filter system.
很多时候，你们那边最常见的过滤器尺寸是多少？
A lot of times, the most common filter size what do you guys run into as far as filter sizing in your area?
16乘25乘1。
16 by 25 by one.
16乘25乘1。
16 by 25 by one.
这种尺寸我们天天都见到，不管是两吨、四吨还是五吨的设备，全都是这个规格。
That's what we see all day and it's like we see it on a two ton, we see it on a four ton, we see it on a five ton.
大家明白他们为什么这么做的原因吗？
Everyone get why did they do that?
如果你在上送风市场，那就是他们常备的规格。
If you're in an up flow market It's what they stock.
他们备这个，是因为它正好能装在机箱侧面。
It's what they stock and it's what fits on the side of the cabinet.
安装起来也很方便。
It's easy to install.
他们就是这么做的。
That's what they do.
但当你开始测量压降时，要明白这会对总外部静压和风机风量产生很大影响。
But when you start measuring pressure drops, understand that that has a huge impact to the total external static pressure and fan airflow.
所以我们也会关注设备附近风管配件的优化。
So we also look at improving the duct fittings near the equipment.
如果你们熟悉Manual D，或者看过很多风管计算器的背面，就会发现风管配件都有等效长度。
We look at, if you guys are familiar with Manual D or you look at the back of a lot of ductulators, you'll see duct fittings have equivalent lengths.
所以我们可以快速分析一下设备附近的风管配件。
So very quickly we could analyze the duct fittings near the equipment.
如果某个配件的当量长度很长，我们就尽量换一个当量长度小很多的。
If it has a high equivalent length, we want to try to replace that fitting for something with a much less equivalent length.
我总是重点关注整个系统气流必经的配件，也就是设备周边的所有部分。
I always focus on the fittings where all of the airflow passes through for the entire system, so everything near the equipment.
你也可以通过测量配件前后的压降，来判断它们对系统的影响有多大。
You could figure this out by taking pressure drops across the fittings too, how much of an impact it has on the system.
进行基本的清洁工作。
Provide basic cleaning.
有时候需要清洗蒸发器盘管、清理风机叶轮，确保所有部件都干净整洁，像新的一样。
Sometimes you need to clean the evaporator coil, clean the blower wheel, make sure everything's in a clean, it's clean and in like new condition.
顺便说一句，如果你在绘制风机风量曲线，千万别在部件脏污的情况下做，比如风机叶轮脏了，那样测出来的数据根本不准。
By the way, if you're plotting fan airflow, don't try to plot fan airflow if you have any kind of dirty components, right, like a blower wheel and that because it's not gonna be an accurate way of doing so.
你会调整风机转速，等风量改善后，一定要重新检查和调整制冷剂充注量，因为风量一变，合适的制冷剂量也会跟着变。
You're gonna test and adjust the fan speed and then once you improve that fan airflow, you always wanna check and adjust the refrigerant charge because your charge is gonna be different based on any kind of airflow change.
做完任何维修后，一定要确保系统调整到位。
Make sure it's dialed in after you make any kind of repair.
然后再次测试，验证你确实改善了静压和风机风量。
And then once again, you're gonna test out and prove that you improved the static pressure and the fan airflow.
这里还有几项其他需要注意的事项。
Here's a couple other things you would do.
在大面积开放区域加装一个尺寸偏大的回风口格栅。
Add one oversized return duct grill to a large open area.
我得提醒大家一下。
I'm gonna caution you guys.
你必须清楚自己在建筑物里做的每一步操作。
You need to understand what you're doing within the building.
不能随便在哪里都加回风口。
You can't just add returns anywhere.
别让某个区域压力过低，导致危险的负压，引发自然燃烧设备回火。
You don't want to depressurize an area and create an unsafe environment and backdraft natural draft appliances.
你得确保每一步都经过仔细考虑。
You want to make sure that you're doing it in a thoughtful manner.
把三到六个送风管换成八英寸的圆形管道。
Replace three or six supply ducts with eight inch round.
把六英寸的送风管换成八英寸的圆形管道。
Six inch supply ducts with eight inch round.
如果你这么做是为了提升风机风量或降低静压，也别忘了和业主沟通一下。
We're saying if you're doing this just to improve fan airflow or if you are trying to reduce static pressure, you also take into account a conversation with the homeowner.
优先在他们感觉不舒服的区域进行调整。
You want to do that in areas where they maybe are uncomfortable.
所以你要在那些气流不足的地方增加送风量。
So you're gonna add more airflow to areas where maybe they're not getting enough airflow.
密封整个风管系统。
Seal the duct system.
这一点特别重要。
That's a big one.
密封风管系统的问题在于，会增加系统的静压。
The problem with sealing the duct system is you add static pressure to that system.
所以你完全可以做这些调整。
So you could do all of this.
我们得密切关注实际情况。
We're paying attention to what's happening.
我们会提前做好应对计划。
We're gonna plan for that.
再提一下，去年我做过一个关于风机定律二的演讲。
So you're gonna look at once again, last year, I did a presentation on Fan Law two.
通过计算，你可以预估改变风量后系统静压会变成什么样。
You could predict what the static pressure is gonna be when you make changes to the airflow in the system.
你要有条不紊地采取系统性方法，每一步都严谨对待。
You take a systematic approach, and you're very methodical about anything you do.
如果你所处的环境里有很多软管，就得确保它们全部拉紧并正确固定。
If you are in an environment where you have a lot of flex duct, you wanna make sure it's all pulled tight and it's strapped accordingly.
所有这些压点都会增加系统的阻力。
All those pinch points add to that system, add restrictions.
更换风管配件，同时可以升级送风口和回风口。
Replace duct fittings and you could upgrade the grills and registers.
我发现，那种廉价的冲压式送风口通常会严重阻碍气流，换成高性能的商用风格送风口，效果会明显改善。
I found that a lot of times when you have the regular inexpensive stamped grills, they really restrict airflow substantially, and you can make quite a bit of a change by adding more of a high performance commercial style grill.
市面上有各种不同的制造商，也要确保送风距离和扩散范围合适。
There's all different manufacturers and also making sure that you have the correct throw and spread.
尽量让房间里的空气充分混合。
Try to make sure you're mixing the air as much as you possibly can in that room.
这样不仅改善了气流，还提升了舒适度。
Then you're not only affecting airflow, you're affecting and improving comfort.
完成空气系统升级。
Completing an air upgrade.
所以，这就是你接下来要做的。
So this is kind of what you're gonna do.
你得一步步走，提前规划好，然后执行，调整制冷剂充注量，最后进行测试。
You're gonna walk through, you plan it out, you execute it, adjust your refrigerant charge, and test out.
我说的‘分析’，具体该怎么分析压力分布和静压呢？
So when I say analyze, how do we analyze the pressure profile and the static pressure?
在NCI，我们教一种叫‘静压预算’的方法。
At NCI, we teach something which is called the static pressure budgets.
以前我做静压测量的时候，虽然能测出数据，但根本不懂这些数字代表什么。
So for the longest time, when I was looking at these static pressure measurements, I would take the measurement, but I didn't really understand what they meant.
什么样的数值算差，什么样的才算好？
What is a bad number and what is a good number?
我知道系统的总外部静压应该是多少，但不清楚蒸发器或过滤器的压降该是多少才合适。
I know what the total external static is gonna be, but I don't know what the coil pressure drop or the filter pressure drop is supposed to be across the system.
所以NCI开发了‘静压预算’这个概念，你们看这里饼图就能明白。
So NCI created something called the static pressure budgets, and you could see it in the pie chart here.
如果是燃气炉还是空气处理机组，这些预算分配会略有不同。
They look a little bit different based on if you're working on a gas furnace or an air handler.
我们实际上就是在把总的外部静压按比例分配开来。
And all we're doing basically is breaking up the percentage of that total external static pressure.
你可以把预算想象成你每月工资收入，你到底能挣多少？
Now think of budgets, like your budget, how much are you making on a monthly basis from your job?
预算不是一成不变的，但它的总额是有限的。
Budgets are not set in stone, but they are finite.
你手头能用的钱就那么多。
You only have so much to work with.
如果你决定买一辆崭新的科尔维特，但收入不够，那可能就得住小公寓了。
So if you decide to buy yourself a nice new Corvette, if you're not making enough money, you might be living in a little apartment somewhere.
空调系统也是同样的道理。
Same thing happens with this.
如果你的过滤器压降太高，那风管里的压力就得相应降低。
If you have a really high pressure drop on your filter, you need lower pressure in your ducts.
对于燃气炉来说，情况就是这样的。
This is what it would look like as far as a gas furnace goes.
所以这个数值是根据TrueFlow报告里的数据来的。
So when you measure this in, this is based on the data on that TrueFlow report.
我正在填写的这一列，是实际测量得到的回风管压力。
So our return duct pressure, the column that I'm filling in is the measured.
我在这个项目里测出来的是多少？
What did I measure on that job?
回风管的压力是0.18英寸水柱。
So our return duct pressure is point one eight inches of water column.
我要把这个数值和静态压力预算对比，预算在最右边那一列。
I'm gonna compare that to my static pressure budget which is the next column on all the way on the right.
预算要求我不能超过0.1英寸。
My budget is telling me I don't want to be anything higher than point one inches.
很明显，回风管的静压已经偏高了。
So right off the bat, the return duct has high static pressure.
得想办法解决回风的问题。
I need to address the return.
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过滤器的压降。
Our filter pressure drop.
过滤器这边允许的压降是0.1英寸。
I'm allowed 0.1 inches on the filter side.
实际测出来的过滤器压降是0.33英寸。
Well, my filter pressure drop that was measured is 0.33.
这超过了允许值的三倍。
It's triple what my allowed budget is.
所以这说明我也得处理一下这个过滤器。
So that tells me I need to do something with that filter as well.
看看盘管，压降有点偏高，不算严重，但确实超了一点。
You look at the coil, it's a little bit high, it's not terrible, but it's a little over that budget.
你把每一项都对比一下，就能看出哪些数值明显高出预算，这些地方就得优先解决。
So you can kinda see as you compare each one of these, you look for high numbers that don't align with that budget and That's where you start attacking first.
优先处理那些超出预算的高数值。
Attack the high numbers that don't align with your budget.
在这种情况下，所有测量值都偏高了。
Basically, all measurements in this situation are too high.
所以接下来该怎么做呢？
So plan.
我之前提到过风机定律二。
I mentioned Fan Law two.
去年我做过这个讲解。
I did the presentation last year.
我相信你们大家都应该能访问到那份资料。
You guys, I believe you all have access to that.
你们可以在 HVAC School 上找到它。
You could pull it up on HVAC school.
我觉得它也在 YouTube 上，不过这公式看着挺复杂的。
I think it's on YouTube in that, but this looks like a complicated formula.
你们当中有多少人用过风机定律二？
If you guys how many of you guys have used Fan Law two?
有几个人用过吗？
A few of you guys?
风扇定律二是在规划和分析系统时，确保系统正常运行的最强工具。
Fan Law two is the most powerful thing that you could do to make sure that your systems are operating correctly when you're planning out and you're analyzing the system.
这就像是能看透未来。
It's like having a crystal ball.
你是在提前预判情况。
It's you're looking into the future.
公式看着吓人，但拆开一看，其实没那么复杂。
The math looks scary, but when you break it down, it's really not that bad.
你可以手算，如果有TrueFlow Grid，它自带预测功能，能帮你算好。
You could do it all by hand, or if you have a TrueFlow Grid, they have forecasting, which will do the math for you.
这就是TrueFlow Grid预测报告的样子。
And this is what the TrueFlow Grid forecasting report looks like.
所以这是要替换掉旧系统，给这户人家安装合适尺寸的新系统。
So this would be replacing that system and installing the correct size system for that individual house.
原来这里装的是三吨的设备，现在我想看看，如果我换成两吨的，其他都不动，会发生什么情况。
We had a three ton in there originally, and we wanna plan out what's gonna happen if I install a two ton system without touching anything.
所以我打算用每分钟800立方英尺的风量，这是两吨的系统。
So I'm gonna look at 800 CFM and it's a two ton system.
我们来看一下预测报告，如果你看总外部静压，它降到了0.44英寸水柱。
So we look at the forecasted report and if you look at our total external static pressure, it dropped to point four four.
我在Facebook上看到不少人发帖，很多用燃气炉的人说，这根本不可能。
I've been on Facebook and I've seen people post and there's so many people with gas furnaces where they say, it is impossible.
他们说，想让燃气炉在半英寸水柱以下运行，根本办不到。
It is impossible to get a gas furnace to run at a half inch of water column or less.
我说，只要你懂行，就别瞎嚷嚷，看我的。
I say, if you know what you're doing, hold my beer.
其实没那么难。
It's really not that difficult.
你只需要提前规划好就行。
You just need to plan for it.
这事儿你得特别留心。
It's something that you need to pay attention to.
不能随便挑个蒸发器线圈或者滤网就装上去。
You can't just arbitrarily choose random evaporator coils and filters.
第三步，完成风量升级。
So step three, complete the air upgrade.
你得先装好，然后测试进风和出风的情况。
You're completing it, you're testing out or testing in, and then you test out.
这张图展示的是NCI的一位承包商，这些滤网是他自己在车间做的。
This picture, this is actually an NCI contractor who makes these filters in his shop.
他叫戴夫·科齐尔。
His name is Dave Cozzier.
这些滤网效果特别好。
These filters are amazing.
他把滤网装在回风管上，有两种安装方式：一种是N型，用三个滤网；另一种是M型。
He installs them on the return drop, and he makes them in two different configurations, either an n configuration, which is three filters, or an m.
它们的压降非常低。
They have extremely low pressure drop.
市面上有各种各样的过滤器可用，但你得提前规划好。
There's all kinds of filters out there you could use, but you just need to plan for it.
这就是Dave，这是他机柜的特写。
That's Dave and there's a close-up of his cabinet.
然后你再回去调整制冷剂的充注量。
And then you go back and you adjust the refrigerant charge.
这些工作你可以手工完成，也可以用MeasureQuick工具。
You could do all this by hand or you could use MeasureQuick.
MeasureQuick的好处是能生成报告，还能实际测量BTU，确保系统按设计性能运行。
MeasureQuick is nice because you could generate a report and you could actually measure the BTUs and make sure it's performing the way it was designed.
这是同一套系统的测试结果，两吨，861立方英尺每分钟，总外部静压是0.455。
So this is a test out of that same system, that two ton, eight sixty one CFM, and then our total external static pressure was point four five five.
和TrueFlow网格中的预测值几乎完全吻合。
Very, very close to the forecast to report in that TrueFlow Grid.
所以实际上，你可以看到这些计算有多精准。
So in reality, you could see how close that math is.
只要你肯花时间认真去做，就能非常准确地预测未来会发生什么。
You could really accurately plan for what will happen in the future if you spend the time and do it.
问题是，你得花时间去做测量，然后真正用上这些数据。
The problem is you need to take the time, take the measurements, and use them.
另一种方法是管道优化。
Now looking at another approach would be the duct optimization.
这更像是一次改造工程。
So this is more like a renovation.
我们要全面检查整个风管系统。
We're looking at the entire duct system.
这种情况通常是整个房子都有舒适性问题。
This would be we have comfort issues around the entire house.
我们的目标是全面提升整个风管系统的性能。
We're trying to improve the entire duct system.
我们真正需要考虑的是BTU，确保家里每个角落的风量都恰到好处。
We want to actually take BTUs into account and make sure we have the right amount of airflow everywhere in the house.
所以再说一遍，有些特性，比如低压降的室内盘管、过滤器，这些都是一样的。
So once again, some of the features, low pressure drop indoor coil, the filter, same thing.
很多地方其实都差不多。
A lot of these are the same.
平衡风门很重要，就算你把风管改好了，还是可能有舒适性问题。
Balancing dampers are big, so you could fix the ducts and you could still have comfort problems.
你们有人做过风量平衡吗？
Do any of you guys air balance?
你们做过风量平衡吗？
You guys air balance?
有的。
Yeah.
风量平衡非常关键，因为就算你的风管系统完美无缺，也要记住，没有任何风管系统能自动平衡。
Air balancing is huge because you could have a perfect duct system, but one thing you gotta keep in mind is there's no duct system that is self balancing.
你需要一套方法来平衡系统，所以得用风门。
You need to have a method to balance the system, so you need the dampers.
管道尺寸合适之后，还得把气流精准引导到家里的各个区域。
Once the ducts are the correct size, we need to direct that airflow to the correct areas in the home.
再次强调，密封好管道接缝，选用高R值材料。
Once again, seal the duct joints, high r value.
保温管道特别重要，尤其是在非温控区域。
Insulated ducts are huge, especially in unconditioned space.
但我得说，通过测量每个房间实际送达的BTU，在中西部，我们的管道系统都是设在室内空间的。
But I will tell you, by measuring delivered BTUs to each individual room, in the Midwest, our duct systems are inside of the house.
一开始我就想，热量损失不会太大。
When I start, I'm like, we're not gonna be losing too much heat.
冷气也不会漏太多，因为主风管和所有管道都在室内温控范围内。
We're not gonna be losing too much cold air because our trunks are and all of our ducts are inside the conditioned space.
当我开始算账、实际测量BTU时，你可能会惊讶，设备和出风口之间居然会损失这么多能量。
When I started doing the math and measuring the BTUs, you'd be surprised how much you lose in between the equipment and the registers.
所以，既要密封风管，也要给它们做保温。
So that's sealing the ducts and also insulate them.
True Tech Tools 对行业培训和提供高品质工具的承诺，无人能及。
True Tech Tools' commitment to industry training and supplying quality tools for our trade is unmatched.
没人能比得上。
No one can match it.
真想看看他们怎么试。
I'd like to see them try.
我就想看看他们怎么试。
I'd like to just see them try.
因为他们根本做不到。
Because they can't.
他们根本做不了。
They can't do it.
TrueTech Tools 拥有庞大的产品目录，供应超过90个品牌，而且每周还在持续增加。
TrueTech Tools has a massive catalog supplying over 90 brands and still growing each week.
从手动工具到技术人员需要的每一种设备，再到专业工具，比如我特别喜欢的TEC空气流量和压力测量产品，像TrueFlow Grid这样的工具，应有尽有。
You'll find everything from hand tools, every tech needs, to specialty tools, including one of my favorites, TEC's airflow and pressure measurement products, tools like the TrueFlow Grid.
我们所有钟爱的制造商都在这里，比如Refrigeration Technologies、UEI、Navac、Fieldpiece，还有很多其他品牌。
All of our favorite manufacturers are there Refrigeration Technologies, UEI, Navac, Fieldpiece, and so many more.
他们还有一系列很棒的书籍。
They also have some great books too.
那边有Craig写的《空调维修技术》系列，还有Russ King、Alison Bales、Corbett Lunsford等人撰写的建筑科学和其他专题书籍，都是很棒的作者和教育者，也是我的朋友。
You'll find the great AC Service Tech books over there, my friend Craig, as well as books on building science and other special topics by Russ King, Alison Bales, Corbett Lunsford, all great authors, educators, and all friends of mine.
我的意思是，我觉得他们是我的朋友。
Mean, I think they're my friends.
也许他们并不这么想。
Maybe they don't think that.
我不确定。
I don't know.
你得去问问他们。
You have to ask them.
在 True Tech Tools 网站上没找到你想要的工具？
Don't see a tool that you're looking for on the True Tech Tools website?
直接告诉他们的团队，他们会尽力帮你找到需要的东西。
Just let the team know, and they'll do their best to help you get what you need.
True Tech Tools 的团队也有很多值得说的地方。
There's a lot to say about the True Tech Tools team too.
那里的人知识渊博、经验丰富，能为技术人员提供最棒的客户服务和技术支持。
The people there have so much knowledge and experience, and they really provide the best customer service and tech support for techs.
像比尔·斯波恩和埃里克·凯撒这样的专家，花了很多时间在行业播客、展会，包括研讨会，甚至比尔那档非常棒的播客《建筑暖通科学》里分享知识。
Guys like Bill Spone and Eric Kaiser, they dedicate a lot of their time to educating others on industry podcasts, at trade events, including the symposium, and even Bill's amazing podcast, Building HVAC Science.
也别忘了去听听看。
Go check that out as well.
团队还免费提供大量可下载的指南，比如回收罐充装指南、焓值图表、调试工作表，内容都非常实用，而且完全免费。
The team also publishes a lot of free downloadable guides for things like recovery tank fill, enthalpy charts, commissioning worksheets, all really great content and all free.
True Tech Tools 向美国所有州和领土发货，确保每位客户都有良好的体验。
TrueTech Tools ships to all US states and territories and makes sure all customers have a good experience.
仓库里总是备足货，确保订单能快速发出。
The warehouses are always stocked to ship orders out quickly.
团队一直乐意改进客户体验，不管是产品目录、发货流程，还是网站功能。
The team is open to improving the customer experience, whether it comes to their catalog, shipping, website.
如果有任何建议，随时告诉他们就行。
Just let them know if there's something that you suggest.
他们还提供一个很不错的折扣码。
And they have a great discount code.
去 truetechtools.com 把行业里最好的工具加进购物车，结账时输入优惠码 GET SKOOLED，就能享受优惠。
Go to truetechtools.com, fill your cart with some of the best tools in the industry, and use the offer code GET SKOOLED for a nice discount at checkout.
就是 GET SKOOLED。
That's GET SKOOLED.
别加空格，别用大写，直接输 GET SKOOLED 就行。
No spaces, no caps, just GET SKOOLED.
truetechtools.com。
Truetechtools.com.
同样的，我们为此设有一套流程，这就是系统性能方面的内容。
So same thing, we have a process for this, and this would be system performance.
我刚才提了一大堆不同的东西。
I'm throwing out a bunch of different things.
我重点推荐了几个NCI的课程。
I'm plugging a lot of the NCI classes.
我们有一门针对住宅系统的性能课程，教大家如何实际测量BTU值。
We have a residential system performance class, which teaches you guys how to actually measure the BTUs.
你可以用MeasureQuick这个工具。
You could use MeasureQuick.
也可以用JobLink。
You could use a JobLink.
方法有很多，各有各的用法。
There's all different ways of doing it.
但核心就是看设备内部流动的BTU，和出风口实际送出的BTU之间有什么差异。
But basically, we're looking at the BTUs moving through the equipment, and we're comparing it to the BTUs delivered at the registers.
那中间损失了多少呢？
How much are we losing in between?
明白了。
Okay.
我们要为此做好规划，决定怎么应对。
We're gonna plan for that and figure out what we're gonna do because of it.
而且不仅仅是BTU的问题。
And BTUs are not the only thing.
送风量也很关键。
It's delivered airflow as well.
大家都觉得风量小就是一个问题。
So everyone thinks if you have low airflow, that's one thing.
但即使风量正常，如果管道有热损失，BTU也可能偏低。
You could have the correct airflow and low BTUs because of gains through the ductwork.
分析一下这些损耗，这里有一张图，乔看了肯定会满意。
Analyze the losses, and here's a picture of Joe's gonna be happy about this.
我在这儿提到MeasureQuick多少次了？
I've mentioned MeasureQuick how many times in this?
每次都是七次。
Seven every time.
谢谢。
Thank you.
不过，NCI确实推出了一套新的工作流程，更新的版本，我们刚发布了供暖模块。
But, yeah, NCI has a new workflow, newer, and we just released the heating workflow.
我们有ComfortMax。
We have ComfortMax.
ComfortMax正是我刚才说的那样，同时分析BTU值和整个系统，还会给你一个评分体系。
So ComfortMax does exactly what I was just talking about is looking at BTUs and looking at the entire system, and we give you a grading scale.
我们会评估设备性能和系统表现，然后生成一份PDF报告，给业主展示实际情况。
We look at the equipment performance and the system performance, and you can generate a PDF to show the homeowner and show them what's going on.
你还能生成一份承包商报告，逐项分析，精准定位通风系统中的所有问题。
You also have a contractor report that you look at and basically itemize and zero in on where all the issues are in the duct system.
这是一个非制冷剂报告，适合初级技术人员使用。
This is a non refrigerant report which is a lower level technician for this.
是的。
Yeah.
做起来特别简单。
Super easy to do.
做上几次之后，其实没什么复杂的。
Once you do it a couple times, there's really not a lot to it.
如果你用TrueFlow网格，会更简单。
It's even easier if you use the TrueFlow Grid.
不过也不是非用不可。
You don't have to.
如果你在绘制风机风量图，也可以手动输入风量数据。
You could actually key in the airflow if you're plotting fan airflow.
这份报告很棒，因为你能清楚展示设备和整个系统之间的差异。
But very nice report because you could show them the difference between the equipment and the system.
第二步，分析现有的风管系统。
So step two, analyze the existing duct system.
你可以逐一检查。
So you can go through.
如果已有系统，可以先做一次Manual J报告，再用Manual D来重新设计整个房屋的风管布局，从头开始规划。
If you have an existing system, you could look at if you run a Manual J report, can go through and actually run a Manual D to figure out redesign the whole house and start from scratch.
另一种方法是使用NCI风管表格，查看每条支管的实际风量。
Or another method you could do is use the NCI duct tables and you could look at how much airflow each individual run has.
你可以快速统计各条送风支管，确定每间房该配多大的风管。
You can quickly count up the different supply runs and figure out what size run you should have to each room.
我们有明确的指导规范。
We have specific guidance.
我们也有相关的培训内容。
We have training on that.
操作方式不同，我们会重点关注风管系统中的特定区域。
Different way to doing it and we're looking at specific areas in the duct system.
所以我们不是要把所有东西都换掉。
So we're not replacing everything.
我们只是聚焦在某些特定区域。
All we're doing is zeroing in on certain areas.
能保留的我们都尽量保留，只更换那些有问题的风管部分。
We're keeping as much as we can, the areas that work, and we're only replacing the sections of duct that we have issues with.
这才是把工作彻底做完。
This is complete the work.
这张图挺有意思的。
It's funny this picture.
有天星期天我闲着没事，就决定把家里所有的风管全拆了。
It was like a Sunday I was bored, and I decided to rip out all the ductwork in my house.
是的。
Yeah.
那是个渐变式主风管系统。
It was a graduated trunk system.
你们见过这种东西吗？
You guys ever seen one of those?
那时候还有钣金师傅在做活儿。
That's like when the sheet metal masters were around.
每一个配件都是他们手工做的。
They made every single fitting.
那真是绝了。
It was amazing.
整个通风系统里连一根圆管都没有，但本来也不是为制冷设计的。
There's no round pipe in the entire duct system, but it wasn't really designed for cooling.
对吧？
Right?
而我们现在用的是另一种通风系统。
And we're there it's a different type of duct system.
我家里有些房间总是不舒服，我就想干脆把它改一改。
I had uncomfortable rooms in my house, and I decided I wanna make this better.
所以我把所有东西全拆了。
So I just ripped everything out.
我惹老婆生气了，但最后一切都解决了。
I pissed off my wife, but it all worked out in the end.
等我们换掉那个风管系统，或者更换需要改动的部件后，我们要对系统进行风量平衡。
And then we're gonna look at once we replace that duct system or once we change the items that would need to be changed in that duct system, we want to air balance the system.
我们要用风量罩实际测量每个送风口的出风量。
We want to take a flow hood and we want to actually measure the delivered airflow.
我们会逐一调节系统里的每个风阀，确保每个房间的风量都达到设计要求。
We're going to adjust every single damper in that system to make sure we have the correct amount of airflow at each one of those rooms.
我们还要测量BTU，确认每个房间实际获得的热量或冷量符合设计标准。
We're also going to measure the BTUs to make sure that we're delivering the amount of heat or cooling to each one of the rooms in that design.
再次调整制冷剂的充注量，确保在改善风机风量并测试性能后，系统运行参数准确无误。
Once again, we go back and we adjust our refrigerant charge to make sure it's correct once we improve that fan airflow and test out to prove performance.
最终的挑战。
Ultimate obstacles.
我们通常会遇到什么问题？
What do we run into?
人们的参与意愿。
Willingness to participate.
人们的参与意愿。
Willingness to participate.
这是个大问题。
That's a big one.
我觉得关键在于技术人员。
I think a big thing is technicians.
大家愿意做这个吗？
Do people want to do this?
这并不容易。
It's not easy.
修风管可不是件容易的事。
It's not easy to fix ductwork.
很多时候，解决气流问题根本没那么容易。
It's not easy to fix airflow problems a lot.
我养成了一个习惯，总是把金属活儿做得特别漂亮，挺有成就感的，觉得自己是这行里最牛的。
I got into the habit where I tried to make all my metal look really nice, and I took pride, and I thought that I was the best there was.
我觉得自己是芝加哥最顶尖的之一。
Like, I'm one of the best in Chicago.
没人能比我做得更好。
Nobody's better than me.
直到我开始测量和测试系统，才意识到：天啊，我其实很差劲。
Until I started measuring and testing my systems, I'm like, man, I suck.
但当你开始认真关注这些细节时，我那时候才二十出头，我负责的区域里有很多大房子。
But when you start paying attention to it, I was probably 20, 21 years old, and there's a lot of big houses in my area.
二楼的主卧总是出问题。
And the 2nd Floor master bedrooms were always an issue.
车库上面的卧室也总是有问题。
Bedrooms over a garage were always an issue.
业主们经常会问我，这该怎么解决？
And homeowners would ask me, how do I fix that?
我的回答总是：风管都藏在墙里。
And my answer was always, the ducts are in the walls.
事情就是这样，没办法。
It is what it is.
我们可以装一个迷你分体空调。
We could install a mini split.
但并不是所有情况都适合这么做。
That's not always the case.
只要肯花点心思，很多系统其实都能修好。
You could fix a lot of systems if you put some effort into it.
让团队里的人都动起来，认真对待，这些问题都能解决。
Get your guys on board on your team and put some effort into it, and you could fix these problems.
我知道基弗，待会儿得让他有点难堪，但他可是NCI的明星学员。
I know Kiefer upfront, I'm gonna embarrass him a little bit, but he's like a star NCI student.
他一直在发帖，作品也做得特别棒，你们也经常做空气系统升级。
He's posting all the time and he does great work and you do air upgrades all the time.
太棒了。
Amazing.
他在安装大型回风管道。
He's putting in big return drops.
对于你们南方的朋友来说，回风管道通常是指壁炉装在地下室的情况。
For you guys down south return drops, it's when we have a furnace in a basement.
地下室其实就是房子埋在地下的部分。
And a basement is like part of the house underground.
做这些工作，你得有合适的工具。
So you need to own the proper tools to do this stuff.
我们需要测试设备，才能准确测量问题所在，并证明问题确实解决了。
We need the testing tools to actually measure and figure out what's wrong and to prove that we fixed it.
我们必须确保我们的系统是干净的。
We need to make sure our systems are clean.
我们得能接触到风管。
We need to be able to access the ducts.
这又是另一个问题。
And that's another thing.
我之前说过，很多 homeowner 的风管都藏在墙里，我没法修，因为根本够不着。
When I said that a lot of homeowners, the ducts are in the walls and I can't fix it because they're in the walls.
其实有很多办法可以解决，根本没必要把墙砸开，对吧？
There's a lot of things you could do and you don't have to rip open the walls, right?
还有，石膏板其实挺便宜的。
And one other thing to keep in mind, drywall is cheap.
这事儿让很多 homeowner 很有压力。
That's an intimidating thing for a lot of homeowners.
他们不希望你把任何地方拆开。
They don't want you to rip anything open.
我花了好几年才搞定，后来我跟石膏板工人建立了合作，开始提供一站式解决方案。
It took me years to do so, but I made relationships with drywall contractors and I started offering turnkey solutions.
我得把这面墙打开，但我会确保完工后用石膏板重新封好，而且还会先打上底漆。
I'm gonna have to open up this wall, but I'm gonna make sure that this wall gets closed with drywall, and it will be primed when it's done.
你只需要再刷一层漆就行了。
You just have to paint.
比起让墙面一直敞着，这样对业主来说要容易接受多了。
That's a lot less intimidating than leaving a wall open for a homeowner.
当然，你得找一个手艺好的人来做，但如果你能提供一站式服务，接单会容易很多。
It's a little bit more you need to find somebody that does good work, but it's easier to sell jobs if you have a turnkey solution.
还有一点很重要，尤其是在阁楼系统里，就是操作空间的问题。
Another thing that's big, especially in attic systems and that, is space to work.
我几个月前刚去过得克萨斯州的奥斯汀，那里的人抱怨说，我们的阁楼太小了。
I know I just visited Austin, Texas a couple months ago, and their complaint was, Our attics are small.
很多风管根本够不着。
We can't get to a lot of these ducts.
所以关键是要制定一个可行的方案，充分利用你能接触到的部分。
So the thing is you need to come up with a plan and work with what you can access.
对吧？
Right?
就用现有的条件尽力做好。
Do the best you can with what you have to work with.
最后一点是得有这方面的专业知识。
The last thing is having the know how.
要明白自己在做什么，改动一处会怎么影响整个系统。
Understanding what you're doing and what you change, what it's going to impact on the entire system.
我就说这些了。
And that's all I got.
谢谢大家。
Thank you, guys.
你们还有什么问题吗？
You have as many questions?
有什么看法吗？
Comments?
谢谢。
Thank you.
为什么大家总觉得问问题的总是你？
Why do people think It's always gotta be you with a question.
我们就这么定了。
We'll just take it.
明白吗？
Okay?
所以就是这样。
So Yeah.
为什么这么难呢？
Why is it so hard?
这些事看起来简直不可能完成，因为Airflow是看不见的。
It seems like these are things that are, like, impossible task for so many Airflow is invisible.
Airflow是看不见的，但并不是说你完全看不到它。
Airflow is invisible, and it's not something that you can't see it.
有时候你能感觉到，但好像人人都在用他们的‘手测仪’。
You can sometimes feel it, but it's like everyone uses their handometer.
你接过多少次电话，别人问你：风量怎么样？
How many times have you probably gotten a call and somebody, how was the airflow?
风量挺好的。
The airflow is good.
我用手测的。
I used my handometer.
TEC那边贴了个标签。
TEC has a sticker.
风量不够。
Airflow is not good.
这是有数据的。
It's measured.
你得确保能测量系统的各个部分。
You need to make sure that you're able to measure the different aspects of a system.
你们就是我的人。
You're you're my guys.
为什么？
Why
干嘛要这么多人去测通风系统？
use a lot of people to measure the airflow system?
障碍太多了。
There's so many obstacles.
这根本不算什么。
It's it's nothing.
大伙儿都在这么干。
We're all doing it.
没错。
Right.
有什么困难？
What are the hurdles?
我早就把清单发给你们了。
I gave you a list of them.
这属于知识范畴。
It's knowledge.
这是工具问题。
It's tools.
这根本没变。
It's It's not changing.
所以我并没有
So I'm not
说你可以不测量就做出冰镇饮品。
saying, you can make pot and cold without measuring.
没错。
Right.
确实如此。
True.
是的。
Yep.
我得给埃德点个赞。
I'll give Ed props.
几年前我在华盛顿特区参加培训时跟埃德一起学过，他跟我讲过一个故事，说他当时也觉得自己是最厉害的。
Ed is several years ago, I took training in DC with Ed, and he told me a story about how he thought he was the best around too.
对吧？
Right?
他们当时安装的风管系统，真的是顶尖中的顶尖。
And his duct systems that they were installing, they were the best of the best.
后来他们买了一台风量罩，开始测量各个出风口的实际风量。
And they eventually bought a flow hood and they started measuring the delivered CFM at different registers.
你一看风量罩，一看上面的数字，晃一晃，心里就想：这玩意儿根本就是废铁。
And you said, you look at the flow hood, you look at the number on it, you shake it, and you're like, this thing's a piece of junk.
坏了。
It's broken.
这个出风口的风量根本不对，关键是你得懂行，还得有对的工具，才能测准。
It's not the right amount of airflow coming out of this register, but the thing is having the know how and actually having the correct tools so you're measuring them.
每个人都会经历这么一刻，突然意识到：我自以为很厉害，可学得越多，越明白自己还有很多要学的。
And I think everyone has that moment in their lives where they realize and you're knocked down, I am good at what I do, and the more you learn, the more you understand that you have to learn.
对吧？
Right?
谢谢大家。
Thank you, guys.
特别感谢亚当。
Big thanks to Adam.
特别感谢NCI。
Big thanks to NCI.
去了解一下NCI吧。
Check out NCI.
去关注NCI，尤其是他们的峰会，上 summit.com 就行。
Check out NCI, and specifically check out their summit by going to go to summit.com.
这是他们在田纳西州皮根福吉举办的2026年高性能暖通空调峰会，时间是9月1号到3号。
It's their high performance HVAC summit twenty twenty six in Pigeon Forge, Tennessee, September first through third.
如果你想参加NCI的课程，可以访问nationalcomfortinstitute.com。
Check out one of NCI's classes if you so choose by going to nationalcomfortinstitute.com.
他们的课程内容非常棒，涵盖燃烧、气流、风管设计，全是这些实用内容。
Really great classes on combustion, airflow, duct design, all that stuff.
这些知识对一个高性能暖通空调承包商来说，是成功必备的。
Sort of stuff you need to know in order to be successful as a high performance HVAC contractor.
有人问了个问题：为什么NASA不能送一只鸭子去太空？
So the question came up, why can't NASA send a duck to space?
因为费用会高得离谱。
Why the bill would be astronomical.
真厉害。
Wow.
谢谢收听。
Thanks for listening.
下次再见，欢迎收听 HVAC 学校播客。
We'll talk to you next time on the HVAC school podcast.
HVAC 学校播客。
School podcast.
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